| Ragnar Sigvald Skancke | |
|---|---|
| Minister for Church and Educational Affairs | |
| In office 1 February 1942 – 8 May 1945 |
|
| Minister for Church and Educational Affairs | |
| In office 25 September 1941 – 1 February 1942 |
|
| Provisional NS Councillor of State for Church and Educational Affairs | |
| In office 25 September 1940 – 25 September 1941 |
|
| Minister of Labour (did not take office) | |
| In office 9 April 1940 – 15 April 1940 |
|
| Personal details | |
| Born | 9 November 1890 Ås, Norway |
| Died | 28 August 1948 (aged 57) Akershus Fortress |
| Nationality | Norwegian |
| Political party | Nasjonal Samling |
| Profession | Professor of electrical engineering |
| Information on Skancke's political positions acquired at[1] | |
Ragnar Sigvald Skancke (9 November 1890 – 28 August 1948) was the Norwegian Minister of Labour (appointed, but never accepted the position) and Minister for Church and Educational Affairs in Vidkun Quisling's government of the Nasjonal Samling party during World War II.
Before the war, Skancke was a highly respected professor of electrical engineering at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in Trondheim and a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.[2]
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The first political position given to Professor Skancke was that of Minister of Labour in Vidkun Quisling April 1940 "coup" government, the latter's attempt at seizing power in Norway following the German invasion of 9 April. Skancke, at time in Trondheim, only heard of his appointment when it was announced on the radio and reacted with opposition to Quisling's attempt to form a government, refusing to assume the ministry allotted to him.[3]
Reichskommissar Josef Terboven, the leading civilian German leader in occupied Norway, on 25 September 1940 appointed a council of Norwegian ministers to assist him in governing Norway. Skancke was appointed as Councillor of State for Church and Educational Affairs, and was given the title Minister for Church and Educational Affairs exactly a year later.[4]
During his collaborationist work in occupied Norway Skancke mostly acted in passive ways, but did not hesitate to enact countermeasures if he met opposition to his work. Although not taking a leading part in the attempted nazification of the Norwegian Church and school system, he did take full responsibility for the sacking of bishops, priests and teachers opposed to National socialist teachings.[5] He also ordered Norwegian teachers and school children to attend a Hitler Youth exhibition in Oslo in February 1941, which led to the first school strike of the occupation,[6] and ordered the confiscation of books by authors opposed to Quisling.[7] Skancke, however, was completely opposed to the deportation to Finnmark of teachers who would not institute the new teaching programmes.[8] In one instance of refusal to cooperate fully with the German authorities, Skancke delayed acting on an order from Reichskommissar Terboven issued on 5 July 1941 that all Norwegian church bells were to be sent to Germany for smelting and use in the war industry. The case dragged out until handed over to minister of trade Eivind Blehr in 1942, Blehr refusing to release the bells, leading to several confrontations with Terboven until the Germans were later persuaded to drop the demands, saving all the bells.[9]
Following the May 1945 German capitulation in Norway and the rest of Europe, Skancke was put on trial for treason and given the death penalty in 1946. In March 1947, the Norwegian Supreme Court rejected Skancke's appeals and confirmed the sentence. In response to the confirmation of his sentence, Skancke attempted to get a retrial, presenting new evidence and witness testimonies. During this process, the mood in Norway largely changed with many calls for clemency for the former collaborationist minister.[8]
As all calls for clemency were rejected Skancke was executed by firing squad at Akershus Fortress on 28 August 1948, the last person to be executed in Norway, which has since abolished the death penalty for all crimes, including war crimes and treason. Before his execution, the Norwegian High Court had received letters from 668 priests who begged for mercy on Skancke's behalf.[10] Ragnar Skancke was one of only three Norwegian Nazi leaders to be executed for political crimes in the post-war legal purge, the others being Quisling and Internal affairs minister Albert Viljam Hagelin,[8][11] all the 35 other people executed having been convicted of murder, torture or systematic informing.[12]
In addition to professional works on electrical engineering in the 1930s, Skancke also wrote a book on Vidkun Quisling.[13]